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An extensive literature search to identify and collect studies related to the toxicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and brominated phenols (BPs) was performed in the three databases PubMed, Web of Science and SciFinder® for four Areas. After combination of the searches from the three databases and removal of the duplicates, the total number of references for Area 1 was 6,231, for Area 2 was 8,236, for Area 3 was 4,994 and for Area 4 was 6,363. The evaluation of all retrieved references for relevance by screening the title and abstract (if available) and applying eligibility criteria (inclusion/exclusion) resulted in a total number of relevant references for Area 1 of 378 (PBDEs), 46 (TBBPA) and 29 (BPs), for Area 2 of 188 (PBDEs), 37 (TBBPA) and 4 (BPs), for Area 3 of 518 (PBDEs), 180 (TBBPA) and 49 (BPs), and for Area 4 of 717 (PBDEs), 59 (TBBPA) and 18 (BPs).

Dette speciale handler om, hvordan det er muligt at nedbringe de forsyningssik-kerhedsproblemer, der relaterer sig til olieressourcerne samt de miljø- og sund-hedsproblemer, der er forbundet med godstransport på lastbiler i EU. Kilden til disse problemer relaterer sig til brændstofforbruget ved anvendelse af lastbiler. Brændstofforbruget kan reduceres ved at vægtreducere lastbiler. For at undersøge mulighederne for at vægtreducere lastbiler indeholder specialet overordnet tre analyser: En analyse af de materialetekniske muligheder for at opnå vægtreduktion gennem materialesubstitution samt vægtreduktionspotentialet ved udvikling af nye lastbiler. Analysen tager udgangspunkt i en øget anvendelse af aluminium og plast. En analyse af de produktionsmæssige potentialer og barrierer for at vægt-reducere. Analysen fokuserer på de generelle tendenser, der præger organiseringen i lastbilindustrien og stiller skarpt på relationerne i produktionskæden omkring Volvo Trucks. En analyse af den hidtidige regulering af lastbilindustrien. Analysen vurderer effekten af reguleringen i forhold til at reducere lastbilers brændstoffor-brug. Analyserne i specialet baseres på et eksemplarisk casestudie af produktionskæden omkring Volvo Trucks i Gøteborg, hvor empirien primært udgøres af virksomhedsbesøg og interviews i virksomheder med tilknytning til denne produktionskæde. Specialet opstiller på baggrund af analyserne et forslag til fremtidige reguleringsinitiativer, der kan øge efterspørgslen på vægtreducerede lastbiler og dermed dæmme op for forsynings-, miljø og sundhedsproblemerne, der relaterer sig hertil. Endvidere opstiller specialet et forslag til et samlet program, der ved hjælp af ma-terialesubstitution, alternative brændstoffer, alternative teknologier og mobility management kan reducere brændstofforbruget fra lastbiler i EU. In english: This thesis studies the possibilities of minimizing the problems of securing supplies of oil resources and relating to the environmental and health problems in relation to the transport of goods on trucks in the EU. The source of theses problems originate in the fuel consumption of trucks for goods transport. It will be proven that fuel consumption will be reduced by reducing the weight of trucks. To support the possibilities of a weight reduction of trucks, the thesis contains three overall analyses: An analysis of the material technical options to obtain a weight reduction via material substitution as well as the potential of a weight reduction through the development of new truck types. The analysis bases its theory on an increased use of aluminium and plastic. An analysis of the production potentials and barriers for weight reduction. The analysis centres on the general tendencies that characterize the organi-zation of the truck industry and focuses on the circumstances in the pro-duction chain of Volvo Trucks. An analysis of the European regulation up till now of the truck industry. The analysis assesses the effect of the regulation in relation to reducing the fuel consumption of trucks. The analyses of the thesis are based on a case study of the production chain of Volvo Trucks in Gothenburg, Sweden, in which the empirical methods primarily consist of works visit and interviews in companies with a link to the production chain in question. On the basis of the analyses, the thesis advances a proposal for future regulative initiatives, which will increase the demand of weight reducing trucks and thus stem the supply, environmental and health problems relating hereto. Furthermore, the thesis puts forward a proposal for an overall programme, which includes material substitution, fuel alternatives, alternative technologies and mobility manage-ment, which will reduce the fuel consumption of trucks within the EU.